A palpable penetration of pipelines to transport oil, gas and other fluids globally has propelled pipeline pigging services market volume. Since pipelines are subject to massive temperature variations and hostile climatic conditions, oil and gas companies have exhibited profound inclination towards the use of pigging services to detect clogging, cracks, flaws and corrosion.

Pigging tends to help in performing inspection and cleaning activities and has gained impetus in corrosion detection. With a rise in the consumption of petroleum products, oil and gas industry has grappled with corrosion. Demand for pigging pipelines to inspect the line for corrosion will potentially surge in the next five years. Forecast predicts global pipeline pigging services market size to surpass US$2.4 billion by 2026.

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Of late, smart pigs have redefined the dynamics of pigging services by streamlining the way data are collated, including location and presence of corrosion and other irregularities on the inner walls of the pipe.

These intelligent pigs use nondestructive assessment techniques, such as magnetic flux leakage testing and ultrasonic testing to inspect for corrosion, pitting, metal loss, hydrogen induced cracking and weld anomalies.

Some of the dynamics triggering the use of smart pigging are delineated below:

• Cost- and time-efficiency. The pipeline can be cleaned and inspected without having to send inspectors down the entire length;
• No service interruption—intelligent pigging leverages pipelines to be inspected and cleaned negating the need to stop the flow of product;
• Seamless detection and inspection of the pipeline and perusing of the pipeline for corrosion or dents;
• Helping remove hydrocarbons before decommissioning;
• Boost operations by doing away with corrosion;
• Collate invaluable information, including pipeline tally, topography, girth weld crack detection and pipeline coating condition.

Oil and gas suppliers are likely to show traction for intelligent pigging as they surmount the downsides of traditional pipeline pigging. The advent of contactless sensors has fared well for pipeline pigging services industry outlook given that the technology has played a pivotal role in detecting cracking and corrosion and analyzing velocity and temperature along the length of the pipeline.

Pigging for geometry inspection

Growing footfall of pigging services for geometry inspection to determine the geometrical shape of the pipeline has become more pronounced in recent years. So much so that end-markets are using pigging for new construction and on-stream pipelines.

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It is pertinent to mention that pigging helps in eliciting information, such as weld penetration, buckles, dents, ovality, pipewall changes, valves, pipeline footage and debris deposits. Pigging service manufacturers have furthered their investments to accurately measure pipeline geometry, the trend is likely to continue in the ensuing period.

With leaks in pipeline networks becoming one of the primary causes of financial losses, human casualties and ecological disasters, pigging has received increased attention to avert impending dangers and maintain safe and reliable pipeline infrastructure.

Magnetic-flux leakage pigs gain prominence

An ocean of pigs has been deployed for leak detection and inspection purposes. One such sought-after method that has ruled the roost is magnetic-flux leakage pig. The leakage pig has spurred the trend in detecting dents and buckles and measurement of wall thickness over the entire pipe surface.

Magnetic-flux leakage pigs have also fueled the trend in detecting metal loss defects in a slew of settings. The MFL pigs will remain in the mix for the detection of corrosion and pitting in steel structures.  

North America to remain a prominent revenue ground

North America will potentially be replete with investments on the heels of unprecedented rise in pipeline projects and the trend towards natural gas pipeline. Citing the Natural Gas Pipeline Project tracker, the U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA) noted that around 5 billion cubic feet per day (Bcf/d) of new pipeline capacity entered services in the U.S. between January and early July 2020. Pressing demand for natural gas in the U.S. will prompt stakeholders to further these projects in the region.

In the preceding year, 14 crude oil pipeline projects were fulfilled, while additional three projects were concluded as of the end of April 2020. A notable surge of pipeline projects carrying petroleum products, including gasoline, jet fuel, diesel and other refinery products will reinforce growth in North America pipeline pigging services market.

Intelligent pigs will remain instrumental in helping stakeholders pursue innovations in pigging services. These are likely to be used to detect subtle anomalies, corrosion and spot potential problems long before they cause a leak. Pigging solutions will remain catalyst in reducing cost, minimizing risks and enabling integrity of the pipeline.

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